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The failure case study also indicates that serious failures are associated with such a design defect. As a result, failure of WTTs occurs relatively easily when they are subjected to extreme typhoon loads. This mode of failure is frequently neglected in the design of RC foundations for WTTs. The study shows that the concrete over the lower steel flange plate of the CST in RC foundations can be easily fractured and crushed under extreme typhoon loads. The load-carrying capacity of the RC foundations is studied based on the mechanical behaviour of embedded CSTs in concrete. The design principle and operation of RC WTT foundations are analysed and discussed in this paper. Understandably, the stability and bearing capacity of the RC foundations are important to the safety of WTTs. What has been shown herein is that a right selection of KC has a larger impact on the models than the uncertainties due to eventual scale effects in the heave-plates dynamics.Wind loads on wind turbine towers (WTTs) and fan blades are transferred to the reinforced-concrete (RC) foundations by embedded steel anchor bolts or circular steel tubes (CSTs). This result is relevant because the selection of a representative KC is an important and somewhat arbitrary aspect to be set in the linear potential simulation codes in order to add viscous damping. It is shown in the paper that the influence of the scale factor on the hydrodynamic coefficients is weaker than the effect that the motion amplitude (characterized with the Keulegan–Carpenter (KC) number produces in them. Decay tests starting from various amplitudes and forced oscillations tests for a range of frequencies and amplitudes were performed. The scales were 1:20, 1:27.6, and 1:45.45, with the former leading to added mass values of the order of 300 kg, becoming one of the largest models for which experiments with heave oscillations have been carried out. This model is a simplified representation of the actual one, which incorporates a vertical flap on the heave plate edge. To this aim, models of one leg of the platform, equipped with a heave plate without any reinforcements, were built. As part of the Hiprwind project, it was decided to study scale effects on the hydrodynamics of this element. In the case of SPAR or semi-submersible platforms for floating wind turbines, it is beneficial in some cases to use heave plates that reduce their heave motion amplitude and/or tune their heave natural period. Journal of Verification, Validation and Uncertainty Quantification.Journal of Thermal Science and Engineering Applications.Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering.Journal of Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science.Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnostics and Prognostics of Engineering Systems.The five reinforced concrete gravity bases are unique in that they were constructed in a dry dock and floated to their final position. Journal of Nanotechnology in Engineering and Medicine The turbines are the world’s largest foundations, pushing the boundaries of civil engineering in offshore structures, using several innovative methods, including the float and submerge technique.Journal of Micro and Nano-Manufacturing.Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering.Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology.Journal of Engineering for Sustainable Buildings and Cities.Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power.Currently, almost all wind energy is harnessed through stationary wind. Offshore wind turbines have the potential to significantly decrease the use of fossil fuels, being thus of great benefit to the environment. Wind energy is a vast and relatively untapped resource. Journal of Engineering and Science in Medical Diagnostics and Therapy One possible expansion of renewable energy is through floating wind turbines.Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage.Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control.Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering.Journal of Computational and Nonlinear Dynamics.Journal of Autonomous Vehicles and Systems.ASME Letters in Dynamic Systems and Control.ASCE-ASME Journal of Risk and Uncertainty in Engineering Systems, Part B: Mechanical Engineering.Mechanical Engineering Magazine Select Articles.