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If the corrupt practices are not controlled, the country may go bankrupt. The country is under the burden of huge circular and foreign debts.
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Low Press Freedom: When the press and media are deprived of their right to freedom of expression, people in authority feel free to conduct corrupt practices. Bribery, as you know, is one of the corrupt practices. Unemployment: When the educated individuals do not get the jobs they deserve and have expertise for, they try to bribe the individuals in authority to secure their place in an organization. The evasion of taxes can also be considered a type of corruption. Mistrust in Government: When the government is not spending the taxpayer’s money on the rightful causes like education, health and welfare of the people in general, people try to evade taxes. When people working for an organization are unable to make two ends meet, they may resort to collect money through illegal and corrupt practices. Low Salaries: Low salaries is one of the basic causes of corruption. Lack of Accountability: When people in authority know that they will not be brought to book for their corrupt practice, they feel free to make misuse of entrusted power for unlawful personal benefits. Some of the factors which may give rise to corruption include: There can be several different causes of dishonest and fraudulent practices by people in authority.
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Causes of CorruptionĪfter you know the causes of corruption, you will be able to formulate the ways how to control corruption in Pakistan. It may involve bribery in connection with the enforcement of the existing rules and regulations which makes it different from the grand or political corruption. It involves the everyday corrupt practices on the part of the officials or individuals in authority at the implementation end of the rules and policies where the public officials meet the public. Petty Corruption: This small-scale corruption is also called bureaucratic corruption. In other words, it is at the highest level of the public sphere where rules and policies are formulated in the first place. Grand Corruption: As the name suggests, grand corruption is a high-level corruption that takes place at the level of policy formation by the officials, politicians or legislators. This type of dishonest conduct by people in authority seriously undermines the morale and saps the economy of resources. Sporadic Corruption: The sporadic or individual corruption is the opposite of the endemic corruption as it occurs irregularly and does not threaten the mechanisms of control. It is embedded in a wider system which helps sustain it. The systemic corruption occurs primarily due to the loopholes in a process or an organization. Systemic Corruption: Also called endemic corruption, it can be contrasted with agents or individual officials who conduct corrupt practices within the system. The political corruption may involve transactions between private and public sector actors to illegally convert collective goods into private-regarding payoffs. Such an illegal act is often directly related to their official duties and is done under the color of law. Political Corruption: This type of corruption refers to the misuse of authority by the politicians and government officials for the unlawful and undeserved political and personal gains. Here follows a brief overview of different types of corruption. It can also be regarded as a form of fraudulent and dishonest conduct by the persons entrusted with a position of authority, typically involving bribery and embezzlement of money or funds.Ĭorruption can be of several different types, such as political corruption, sporadic corruption, systemic corruption, grand corruption, petty corruption, legal corruption and moral corruption. Generally, it can be defined as the misuse of entrusted power for illegitimate personal or private gains. On this platform, you will learn about what is corruption in Urdu as well.Ĭalled “بدعنوانی” in Urdu, corruption is a broad term. Suggesting ways how to control corruption in Pakistan requires in-depth understanding of its causes and the ways how it is practiced. If corruption is stopped, the foreign debt can easily be paid. At the same time, the country is at the brink of going bankrupt. Every single individual in Pakistan is under heavy foreign debt. How strong democracy can control corruption in Pakistan?Ĭorruption is one of the major and severest issues faced by Pakistan today.How systemic corruption is different from sporadic corruption?.What are different types of corruption?.What is Corruption? How to Control Corruption in Pakistan